Choose from description below Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Choose from description below - Research Paper Example The author gives a good example of Europe during the Cold War when a huge percentage of the countries embraced the constriction of their soldiers (Yew-Kwang 374). However, the military draft was governed with a lot of controversies ranging from the costs incurred on the same which has forced a huge percentage of the countries to focus on volunteer efforts from other agencies so as to evade the costs (Yew-Kwang 375). Additionally, the weapons adopted in the war system are actually extremely sophisticated which has also contributed immensely to the elimination of conscription (Yew-Kwang 374). Despite the fact that the author argues, that the military draft may involve a lesser cost, it is arguable that the costs of paying this fee will be burdened on the taxpayers who have to overstretch their pockets to cater for that fund (Yew-Kwang 375). Sands’ article argues that the military draft may be useful for the protection of the humans, but the challenges that come alongside it are massive. The author gives an example of the Soviet bloc during the 2nd World War (Sands 33). The article also explains that adopting an all-conscript force is actually too expensive and does not save much cost for the taxpayers (Sands 33). Leaders of the present day era, as Sands argues, are ones that military forces and not military-conscript forces (34). Hummel explains that the military draft was applied in the case of USA during the Mexican war (30). The practices of the militia were by then varied from state to the other, some states spending about 2.5 % for the military draft (Hummel 40). Hummel takes a stand by saying that the difference portrayed in the USA militia drafts kept improving over the years, which led to efficient services from the militants (48). However, the author concludes by saying volunteer militia would be fit today, as opposed to provision of drafts as well as coercion to the militants (Hummel 69) Critique Yew-Kwang’s article may be termed as a vali d one for the study of the topic. It begins from the perspective of the author on what they would have done if they were to choose for or against the military draft. The author then gives an introduction that summarizes the paper. The next section focuses on the analysis of the work which is also explained in the form of graphical representation to explain the author’s perspective in details. The author also gives a simple model of calculation of the draft and its implications in a graphical representation with formulae to explain the graph (Yew-Kwang 379). From the conclusion of the article, it is evident that the author supports military draft in a way as he argues out to the economists that the draft may attract desirable costs. Sands’ article is in prose from and is seemingly one that contains explanations that may not actually be justified on the basis of the conclusions made. If the author had actually given raw data probably from the military personnel, the arti cle would have had a stronger implication on the reader or researcher in this field. Lastly Hummel’s work gives a historical account of what had been taking place throughout the world regarding the provision of military drafts as well as their effectiveness. With a detailed account of some of the wars fought during the time, the reader gets a clear glimpse of the exact picture of what ensued during the past and what needs to

Amazon Kindle And Its Innovativeness Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Amazon Kindle And Its Innovativeness - Essay Example At the same time, institutional economics define innovation as an important economic activity for reducing transaction costs and thereby improving operational efficiency. According to Leger and Swaminathan (n.d), the evolutionary economics defines innovation entirely different from neoclassical theories and assumptions; and it illustrates innovation by reconciling the micro and macro evidence. In the context of international trade, â€Å"endowments and factor prices, market structure and competition, and demand pull factors† are the determinants of innovation. Sundbo (2003) reflects that innovation process is generally classified into three types such as product innovation, process innovation, and strategy innovation. Tidd, Bessant, and Pavitt (2005) state that under product innovation, an organisation tries to bring a new product or service to life with intent to meet customers’ changing requirements whereas the process innovation attempts to increase a firm’s bottom line profitability, managerial control over costs, productivity, and employee job satisfaction. In the view of O’Marah (2005), the process innovation also benefits customers by increasing efficiency in supply chain activities such as timely product or service delivery. Finally, strategy innovation is about restructuring the prevailing industry methods of creating customer value for the purpose of adding additional value to the company’s market stature and creating new markets and customer groups for wealth maximization.

Argumentative Thesis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Argumentative Thesis - Essay Example Since skin grafts are also treated as external bodies, it appropriately also gives an insight into how the patient’s body may treat an allograft and an autograft and why the treatment is different. In ACL surgeries allografts are considered as foreign tissues while autograft are not hence the former needs a greater length of time to be incorporated when compared to the latter which makes autografts the better choice owing to early and safe incorporation thus this served as a strong support point for my thesis statement. This article discusses the problems that a sportsperson faces after an ACL injury and surgery. It mostly looks into the trauma faced by sports people who have been victim to some sort of field injury. The article correctly identifies the reasons behind the need of quick recovery for such people. The content helped me conclude that the surgery opted for must be such that the recovery time is minimal but it should also help the person return to the game. The goal of my thesis was to prove why autografts are a better option. Most ACL problems are linked to physically active people, so it becomes really necessary that the tissue chosen for surgery (autograft/allograft) has to help the patient return back to their normal lives as soon as possible since most sportspeople depend on the sports for their livelihood. From this source I learnt how ACL tearing occurs and how it affects the patient. For my thesis understanding the reason behind an ACL injury and the aftereffect was beneficial and crucial because then it becomes easier to understand the expectations from an ACL reconstruction and select the appropriate graft tissue. This article talks about the kinds of tissue grafts, organ grafts and immunity of the body in detail. It states the difference between cadaveric grafts and own tissue grafts and the various pros and cons involved. The article also discusses the effect of graft surgeries on the human

Technology in Air Pollution Reduction Research Paper

Technology in Air Pollution Reduction - Research Paper Example The paper "Technology in Air Pollution Reduction" discovers Technology in Air Pollution Reduction. Particulate matter can also be removed using an Electrostatic Air Cleaner (or Electrostatic Precipitator). An Electrostatic Air Cleaner is used in industries such as pulp mills, oil & fired utilities and oil refineries. Putantunda suggests that this air pollution control method uses the energy generated by an induced electrostatic charge, to collect particulates from any flowing gas. The filtration devices are efficient and effective in trapping particles, like dust and smoke, from a stream of gas. The mechanism of Electrostatic Precipitators (ESPs) involves: gas ionization, electric charging of the gas particles, transportation of the particles to the collection surface of the ESP neutralization of the charge of the gas particles and removal of dust particles from the collecting surface. The ESP is advantageous because it is can be modified during manufacture so that it has a near perf ect efficiency of collecting particulates. The electrostatic precipitator can also work automatically when fitted with control devices. An important consideration when determining whether to engage in technology is cost. The ESP has a very low maintenance cost demands. However, the capital required to apply this technology is substantial. This technology is only restricted to trapping particulates only. It is impossible to trap air pollutants like the sulfur oxides using ESP. Sulfur oxide (SO2) is removed.... The incoming exhaust gas is sprayed with limestone generating carbon dioxide and solid calcium sulfate (Kumar, n.d.). The lime scrubber method is also used to remove sulfur oxide where lime instead of limestone is used instead. The scrubbing liquid is usually water. The particulate collection process can be follows four steps: transportation of the particles, collision of the particles with water droplets due to surface tension and the removal of water droplets from the particles. Wet scrubber technique is useful in trapping air pollutants in the form of solids and gases. It is however expensive to maintain because it easily corrodes. Another demerit of using this technology is that, it has a waste system consisting of the scrubbing liquid laden with the pollutants. After it has been used, this liquid poses a danger of water pollution if not properly disposed. Compared to the ESP technology, the wet scrubber uses more energy in terms of electricity. This is because energy is used in the flowing scrubbing liquid that traps air pollutants. However, for the ESP, the only energy applied is for the particulates being collected. Catalytic converters The Advanced Clean Air Technologies (ACAT) unveiled an advanced catalytic converter that can reduce emissions drastically; testing parameters depict a high efficiency in reducing of particulate matter released to the atmosphere and a subsequent air pollution reduction. Catalytic converters involve unsophisticated technology for the appropriate tuning of vehicle engines to control vehicle emissions. For catalytic converters to function properly, they require platinum and palladium catalysts which are attached to a ceramic material. This technology is very effective in controlling car emission as it provides a high

Taking a side on debate Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Taking a side on debate - Essay Example This means that Americans are still confident that the Congress is able and will perform to their expectation. Were it not for the support, then most likely the Americans would give a negative responses as opposed to the ones they gave (Lowrey, 2013). Lowrey (2013) continues to state that even in the toughest situations, the Congress attempts to maintain sobriety. This means that the Congress has never failed the citizens despite the challenges faced. In the case that the Congress is keen to put the interests of the citizens first means that the entire system is fit for the country. In fact, based on the comments on various US citizens who were positive on the performance of the Congress, there is no tangible evidence on the dysfunctionality of the Congress. Walt (2011) is of the opinion that USA has over the years been the home of liberty, and a great leader to the earth. It is for the sake of the continuity of this legacy that Walt (2011), says that America’s mission to the great continent it is today needs to be continued both by all presidents and presidential contenders. Through this, American nationalism is branded. America is destined to be the focus of the world. The universality of America’s achievements and its appeal for emulation motivates the country to believe in a unique American mission (Walt, 2011). The government and all concerned stakeholders have no option but to drive America to its destiny. American Exceptionalism can therefore be termed as the blue print of America’s functionality. America has long been characterized by freedom of its people though there have been a lot of myths surrounding the same as argued by Foner (2013). The belief in a unique mission has led to America giving its citizens freedom to enjoy the American pride, regardless of the world perception. It is this unique mission that has led to setting up a democratic system and self-rule in America, ranking America as the best state in the

Integrated marketing communication Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Integrated marketing communication - Essay Example There is a much used clich sentence in marketing circles that goes - "If you build a better mousetrap, the world will beat a path to your door." (Crilley 2009). But according to management experts this no longer holds good today. Hence "the reality is that when you build the world's best mousetrap, customers don't naturally come knocking at the door." A product or service whether it is provided by a private or public service organization needs to market it and marketing needs marketing communication for it to succeed. According to Ms Linda Hall and Dr. Mark Wickham of the University of Tasmania, there is a lot of homogeneity in products, services and price, the concept of integrated marketing communication has become the 'new frontier' to enable organizations to differentiate themselves, their products and services from other. (Hall and Wickam). IMC is the transformation of business messages to the consumer group on an integrated basis "IMC is defined as a management concept that is designed to make all aspects of marketing communication such as advertising, sales promotion, public relations, and direct marketing work together as a unified force rather than permitting each to work in isolation." (Lake 2009).There are several primary reasons why organizations need to change their isolated marketing communication approach to an integrated one. They are changes in the society, changes in the economy, and changes in technology. (Varey 2001, p.254). Changes in society: The behaviour and pattern of buying among consumers have undergone a sea change when compared to a few decades back. The concept of a brand loyal market has changed to a repertoire market. An article titled 'Mistakes Marketers Make' that appeared in eh Wall Street Journal states that marketers focus on building brand loyal customers, while in reality, this concept is fast disappearing. This is truer in the case of consumer goods. "Most frequently purchased consumer goods are in repertoire markets, though many consumers don't realize it." (Corkindale 2008). The feature of a repertoire market is that customers will have a basket of goods of the same type of product which he or she will alternatively buy. "In a repertoire market, the customer will buy from a repertoire of brands (more than one brand)." (Marketing Wisdom for 2004: 99 Marketers and Agencies Share Real Life Tips). The Wall Street Journal Article mentioned earlier states that in such a case marketers need to reach a larger audience and hence resorting to an integrated marketing approach will be more practical. . Changes in the economy: The cost of media advertising is increasing as time goes by. Organizations can no longer rely on a single expensive media like the television to promote their products and services. They have to be more cost conscious and at the same time be effective. An IMC strategy uses all types of promotional media and hence a marketing mix can be developed integrating less costly media with the more expensive ones. Changes in technology: Fifty years ago, the choice of advertising media would have been limited to the print and radio and television is certain markets. A little later few televisions channels appeared which later boomed with the introduction of cable TV and direct to home services. The internet as an advertising medium also became very popular. The huge increase in choice has also necessitated in an integrated marketing strategy for effectiveness. Global business scenario: Integrated Marketing Communication (IMC) is considered as essential part of the business operations in the global business environment .Both public and private sector organisation are required to run their business in the global competitive environment. Expansion and diversification of business operations on global basis requires integrated marketing communication. Integrated communication improves business productivity and performance on a greater extend.

Changing the system of a video library Essay Example for Free

Changing the system of a video library Essay The current system is a hand written and hand handled by Mr Roberts. It is a paper database where all details of the members, transaction and return details are stored. Mr Roberts currently operates all the system by himself and he does this to keep a record of all the bookings out of the videos, he does this by pen. He finds the page in the book allocated to the member, writes when the person needs to bring it back in, takes the payment then gives the video to the member. When a new member joins Mr Roberts takes all the details down in his book, then gives the new member a member number. Mr Roberts has to check every night for overdue videos. When a members page is full, then Mr Roberts has to get a new page, this just adds to the ever-growing file of Mr Roberts. There are lots of problems with the system, it is very slow, it would wear down with over use, he cannot cope with the growing number of customers, He has to check every night to see which videos are overdue and hand type each letter and send them off the same night. This would be increasingly difficult when lots of members join. Another problem is that the videos all have to be numbered and when a video is taken out a card is put in the original case giving the video number and return date. The new system would have to display all the details of the members on one screen and show when last rental and return was. It should be able to show all overdue videos on one screen. It should be very fast and speed up all aspects of the shop. If the database is faster and easier to manage then the number of members will increase and therefore so will the profit. Jonny Sharpe Possible solutions Mr Roberts could solve all his problems by using a filing cabinet. This would solve all his problems with information handling. The advantages of this would be that a filing cabinet is easier to cope than a filing book, the disadvantages are that it is still based on paper and they could easily be damaged or lost. Another problem is that it is still time consuming and would not be any faster, if anything slower than before. Another way to cope with this problem is putting all the files onto a computer. The computer would store all the information easily. The advantages of this are that it would significantly improve the speed and ease of running the video shop. The disadvantages are that it may cost a lot of money and all staff may not be trained in how to use a computer A computer program could be writ but expertise would be needed for this and this expertise I do not have. The next best alternative is that you could use a already existing program such as Microsoft Access. The information would be stored on multiple spread sheets, the information would consist of all the members details and the video details as well. These would be good because they can handle lots of multiplications and can search through information Mark foster System Choice Microsoft office xp professional edition. Pcworld: i 519 Inc vat Any computer could be chosen as long as it has Microsoft access and a printer for printing reports. Software Justification Justify choice of software: Word: The program needs to handle numbers but word is very good at typing letters. Excel: This program would be ok for the video shop but there would have to be 1 sheet for the videos and 1 sheet for the members details. This program would not be able to type letters up and print the letters off. Access: This program is excellent, this is because you can merge the video details and the members details together to give records of loans. This program can also produce reports in letter form and print them off. Data needed 1. This database is for the videos, it should show the number code, name. 2. Members details should be shown on this page, name, address, membership number, telephone number, current video rented and the date it is due back. Design section This shows that I have made two tables to store information, one for the members details and one for the video details. I have entered 50 videos and 5o members into the tables. I have designed the system to alert me when there are overdue videos and to be able to book out videos and book in videos with ease. I linked the two together by making a link between the membership number and the video number as shown below. These next pictures are of my queries. They are update queries which update booking in and booking out of videos. They are linked between the two tables and display the videos booked out and the membership number of the person along with some details. This is my form design. The form is for a member to fill in to automatically add his details to the members table. This is my report. This is basically to inform members that they are in possession of a overdue video and they need to return it. Members have their own membership no and each video has its own video number. This way members and videos dont get mixed up. This is an application form for the video shop, members are asked to fill out basic details. Analysis 1) What do I need from my database. I want it to store information about my members, including their name, address, telephone number, membership number, date of birth. Also in each members record will be stored the video they have rented (its code, not its title to speed things up) and also the date it is due back. Customers can only rent one video per day and it must be returned the next day. I also want the database to store information about the videos, including its code, title, price, certificate and category, eg horror, action, comedy etc. I want a system that will let me book videos in and out very quickly, just by entering the members number and the video code. I also want a system to check which videos havent been returned and create a letter that could be sent out if it hasnt been returned after 1 week. Sometimes people forget they have it so this should be a polite reminder. If they havent returned it after 2 days, then I usually phone them, so I would need it to produce a list of names and telephone numbers. I will answer the other questions at a later time as there are customers in the shop. Regards. Mr Roberts 2) To collect data from new members I have a form that they fill out. They write on it their name, address, tel. number, and date of birth. I write their new membership number on it. 3) Each member has a membership number. It is a four-digit number, starting at 1000. 4) I dont use credit card details as there is too much security needed. 5) For new members I need two forms of identification, one with their name and address, i. e. a bank statement or gas bill for example and one with their photo on, i. e. theirs drivers licence or passport. 6) I havent got a password system. If you think I should have one let me know how you think it would work. The problem is that customers would have to tell me their password and other customers could overhear it so it wouldnt be that secure. Evaluation I think the final product meets the standards set by Mr. Roberts. The only mistakes I have made is that I have given the example members, membership numbers starting at 200 and they are only 3 digit. The final product can do everything specified in the design requirements made by Mr. Roberts. The opinions of the users would be on the questionnaire I made. The only improvements that could be made to my database is that I could maybe produce an automatic report displaying all the information of the member on a report whos video is late, instead of just having a basic template.